Ritið : tímarit Hugvísindastofnunar - 01.01.2010, Page 81

Ritið : tímarit Hugvísindastofnunar - 01.01.2010, Page 81
81 MEnninGARVÆÐinG ViÐSKiPTALÍFSinS nýttu sér menningu og listir til að tengja sig traustum böndum við minni þjóðarinnar og menningararf. Menningarstarfsemi var stórfyrirtækjunum mikilvægt afl til félagsmótunar og þau lögðu lagskipt net til að ná til mis- munandi markhópa. Félagsfræðingurinn Roseanne Martorella heldur því fram að stuðningur við menningu og listir sé aðferð sem fyrirtæki beiti til að rótfesta sig í samfélaginu og njóta þeirra lagasetninga og pólitísku greiða sem þau þurfa á að halda.73 Ímynd virðingar, velvildar og trausts gegnir sífellt mikilvægara hlut- verki í viðskiptum, samfara aukinni alþjóðavæðingu. Aðkoma og stuðn- ingur við menningarstarfsemi er ef til vill árangursríkasta leiðin fyrir stór- fyrirtæki til að framkalla þá ímynd. Æðstu stjórnendur stórfyrirtækja voru virkir skipuleggjendur og þátttakendur í þessu starfi á árunum 2002–2008 á Íslandi. Í sumum tilfellum urðu þeir holdgervingar velgjörða fyrirtækj- anna sem færðu þeim menningarlegt auðmagn. Erlendis hefur verið sýnt fram á að slíkt vald hafi verið misnotað.74 73 Roseanne Martorella, „Corporate Patronage of the Arts in the United States: A Review of the Research“, Art and Business: An International Perspective on Spon- sorship, ritstj. Roseanne Martorella, Westport: Praeger Publishers, 1996, bls. 17– 31, hér bls.28. 74 Sama rit, bls. 27–28. ABSTRACT The Culture of Business neo Liberalism, privatization and new Public Management (nPM) had major impact on government policy towards funding of arts and culture in iceland from 2002 to 2008. The government encouraged businesses to support art and culture through sponsorships and made demands on public art and cultural institutions to increase their private revenues. Art and cultural institutions enjoy an aura of dig- nity and trust and large corporations saw fit to collaborate with them under the notion of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in order to brand public space and fortify their own image. This disposition is here called “the culturalization of business”. The research investigates the impact of business sponsorships on ice- landic cultural institutions from 2002 to 2008. The focus is particularly on two relatively large players: Landsbanki Íslands and Landsvirkjun and how these cor- porations used art and culture sponsorships to further their marketing strategies by linking their image to icelandic national identity and heritage. Keywords: Art and cultural institutions, corporate social responsibility, cultural capital, branding, privatization, sponsorship.
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