Tímarit Verkfræðingafélags Íslands - 01.12.1967, Blaðsíða 292

290
TlMARIT VFÍ 1967
Nutritive Quálity
Numerous rat feeding tests were conducted
with the FPC test sample immediately after
production and after 9 months’ storage for
comparison against a casein control. These tests
showed that the nutritive value of FPC was
consistently superior to that of casein.
Micróbiólogicál Anályses
Total counts of microorganisms were deter-
mined for the raw hake used in the preparation
of FPC and for the finished product. The highest
count found in the raw fish was 1,500 organisms
per gram. The finished FPC sample had counts
of about 40 microorganisms per gram. No coli-
form types of Salmonella organisms were found
in either the raw fish or the finished product.
Wholesomeness
An approach that has become standard in the
isolation and characterization of physiologically
potent materials such as vitamins and hormones
was applied by Dr. Leo Friedman at the Massa-
chusetts Institute of Technology to determine the
presence or absence of toxic substances in FPC.
The method consists of a series of exhaustive
extractions of FPC using hexane, chloroform,
ethanol, and water. Each of the liquid extracts
of these solvents was concentrated to dryness.
The test sample, the solids residue remaining
after the sequential extractions, and each of the
four concentrated extracts were then fed to
groups of growing rats at very high levels in the
diet. The results of pathological examinations
indicated that no apparent toxic factors were
present.
títdráttur
Vísindamenn á Rannsóknastofnun bandaríska
fiskimálaráðuneytisins í College Park, Maryland,
hafa sýnt fram á, að hægt er að fá mjög próteín
auðugt mjöl úr heilum fiski. Hráefnið, sem valið
var til rannsóknanna, var rauður lýsingur (Urop-
hycis chuss), veiddur við strendur Rhode Island.
Greinin lýsir rannsóknum til að finna hentuga
aðferð til framleiðslu á próteínauðugu fiskmjöli,
og þeim prófunum, sem gerðar voru til að ákvarða
næringargildi, heilnæmi, eðliseinkenni og efna-
hlutföll.
Framleiðsla á próteínauðugu fiskmjöli hefir
tvöfalt gildi: 1) hún er mikilvægt vopn í herferð
alls mannkynsins gegn próteínskorti, og 2) hún
veitir möguleika til fjárhagslegs ávinnings fyrir
fiskiðnað frá fiskimanni til framleiðanda, bæði í
Bandaríkjunum og öðrum löndum.
Það hefir verið áætlað, að margar milljónir
kílóa af fiski megi veiða á fjölmörgum fiskimið-
um og nota sem hráefni til framleiðslu á próteín-
auðugu fiskmjöli.
Yfirlit yfir niðurstöðurnar er að finna í grein-
inni, þær hafa aðeins gildi sem einn þáttur í upp-
byggingu algjörlega nýs iðnaðar, sem gert er ráð
fyrir, að muni fara ört vaxandi til góðs fyrir
fjölda manna um allan heim.
Umrœður
Dr. Þórður Þorbjarnarson:
I wish to thank you, Dr. Pariser, for this very
interesting and thought-provoking talk. It is
most timely and quite certain that the time is
not as distant, as some of us have thought, be-
fore Iceland makes benefit from the pioneering
work that you have been doing in America.
Guðlaugur Hannesson:
I like to join Dr. Þorbjarnarson in thanking
Dr. Pariser for this very authoritative, compre-
hensive, and to me, very interesting talk on the
various phases of the fish protein concentrate
production. FPC has recently aroused great
interest here in Iceland, especially after it be-
came known that the U.S. government had de-
cided to build one or more large plants for FPC
production. This, as I said, has been of a personal
interest to me. As mentioned by Dr. Pariser
in his talk I had the good fortune to work with
him at M.I.T. during 1958—1960 on a FPC
project. The product was then called: Fish flour
for human consumption. It was a joint project
of M.I.T., UNICEF and FAO, and at that time
we were dealing primarily with other solvents,
which Dr. Pariser mentioned, as heptan, hexan,
ethanol and let us not forget ethylene dichloride
of the Viobin people. It is quite clear to me that,